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AES Notebook Plurality-MajorityThe
distinguishing feature of plurality-majority systems is that they almost
exclusively use single-member districts. In a First Past the Post system,
sometimes known as a plurality single-member district system, the winner
is the candidate with the most votes, but not necessarily an absolute
majority of the votes. When this system is used in multi-member districts
it becomes the Block Vote. Voters have as many votes as there are seats to
be filled, and the highest-polling candidates fill the positions,
regardless of the percentage of the vote they actually achieve.
Majoritarian systems, such as the Australian Alternative Vote and the
French Two-Round System, try to ensure that the winning candidate receives
an absolute majority (i.e. over fifty percent). Each system, in essence,
makes use of voters' second preferences to produce a majority winner, if
one does not emerge from the first round of voting.
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