The primary goal of this project is to build knowledge about how to maximize the effectiveness of different modes of use of multi-media, anytime/anyplace group support systems. This will extend our previous work on distributed asynchronous text-based group support systems by adding the use of Web-based multi-media tools to text based communication. We will experiment with "combination" or "mix and match" modes used by the same group over a period of time. These are the types of systems and pattern of use which are likely to be most prevalent in the next decade, and yet there are no other experiments on such a phenomenon in 212 studies published to date on Group Decision Support Systems (GDSS), (Fjermestad & Hiltz, 1997, 1998). We will also focus on several areas of research which have received little attention from other researchers but which appear promising: the interaction of task and technology, the use of more sophisticated multi-criteria decision analysis tools, and the interaction of cultural characteristics with technology.

The proposed program of research will continue our emphasis on integrating theory development, empirical research, and technology innovations. Portions of an integrated theoretical framework derive from research in three fields: small group interaction (social psychology), impacts of media on communication process and outcomes (communication research), and computer-mediated communication structures for group support (CSCW). The selection, development, and tailoring of state of the art Web-based technology that can be used by groups working together, will be accomplished as part of our work with the recently funded New Jersey Center for Multi-Media Research (NJCMR). The empirical studies will include both controlled experiments and field studies in organizations.

This proposal briefly describes the controlled experiments planned for the first 1.5 years. Subsequent experiments will be driven by the combination of theory and results that we generate, and field trials will be driven by these plus whatever opportunities develop in our expanding partnerships with corporations, government agencies, and other organizations interested in multi-media collaborative systems. The expected impacts and outcomes are:

• Integrate and develop theories about effective computer support for collaborative work.
• Increase knowledge about what group processes and outcomes are most likely to be affected (both negatively and positively) by use of different media and tool mixes available via use of the Internet and World Wide Web.
• Gain understanding of how the cultural composition of a group interacts with media and tools.
• Improve the process and outcomes of (geographically distributed) collaborative groups working together over the Internet.

Improve creativity and quality of the software requirements design process.